Guide
What are Significant Military Equipment and Major Defense Equipment?
is the set of U.S. items marked with an asterisk, which carry stricter export controls because of their military utility. whose research and development or production cost passes a threshold set in law is . Both are sold on Defined Order cases, each on its own line.
Significant Military Equipment and Major Defense Equipment
The U.S. () is included in part 121 of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (). Items highlighted with an asterisk on the require increased export controls because of their capacity for special military utility or capability. These items are called .
Items of having a nonrecurring research and development cost of more than $50 million or a total production cost of more than $200 million are called . Appendix 1 of the identifies items and provides an associated prorated nonrecurring cost for each.
A is most commonly used for the sale of , generally , which require more rigorous export and trade security controls throughout the process. items and , must be separately reflected on the case documents and not embedded in other lines.
References
SAMM
- SAMM GLOSSARY/significant-military-equipment-sme — Significant Military Equipment (SME)
- SAMM GLOSSARY/major-defense-equipment-mde — Major Defense Equipment (MDE)
- SAMM C5.6.4.1.2 — Items Provided on Defined Order Cases or Lines.
Related
Significant Military Equipment (SME)
Defense articles for which special export controls are warranted because of the capacity of such articles for substantial military utility or capability. These items are identified on the U.S. Munitions List in the International Traffic in Arms Regulations by an asterisk preceding the item category listing.
SAMM Glossary, as of 12 September 2026
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Munitions List
The U.S. Munitions List is an enumeration of defense articles and defense services and is published in the Department of State's International Traffic in Arms Regulations.
SAMM Glossary, as of 12 September 2026
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Major Defense Equipment (MDE)
Any item of Significant Military Equipment on the U.S. Munitions List having a nonrecurring research and development cost of more than $50 million or a total production cost of more than $200 million. Also defined in section 47 (6), Arms Export Control Act.
SAMM Glossary, as of 12 September 2026
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ITAR — International Traffic in Arms Regulations
SAMM Acronyms, as of 12 September 2026
Glossary entry →International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR) →
SAMM — Security Assistance Management Manual
SAMM Acronyms, as of 12 September 2026
Glossary entry →Security Assistance Management Manual (SAMM) →
MDE — Major Defense Equipment
SAMM Acronyms, as of 12 September 2026
Arms Export Control Act (AECA)
The basic U.S. law providing the authority and general rules for the conduct of Foreign Military Sales and commercial sales of defense articles, defense services, and training. The Arms Export Control Act (AECA) came into existence with the passage of the Foreign Military Sales Act (FMSA) of 1968. An amendment in the International Security Assistance and AECA of 1976 changed the name of FMSA to the AECA.
SAMM Glossary, as of 12 September 2026
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Defined Order Case
A Letter of Offer and Acceptance (LOA) that provides specific defense articles and/or defense services with definitive items, quantities, and/or Months of anticipated materiel delivery or performance of services on the LOA lines.
SAMM Glossary, as of 12 September 2026
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Major End Items
Any end item that is Significant Military Equipment or Major Defense Equipment or where control over the programming of these items is required. See also "end item."
SAMM Glossary, as of 12 September 2026
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FMS — Foreign Military Sale
SAMM Acronyms, as of 12 September 2026
LOA — Letter of Offer and Acceptance
SAMM Acronyms, as of 12 September 2026
Technical Data
Recorded information of a scientific or technical nature, regardless of form or characteristic. Examples of technical data packages include research and engineering drawings and associated lists, specifications, standards, process sheets, manuals, technical reports, catalog item identifications, and related information and computer software documentation.
SAMM Glossary, as of 12 September 2026
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TDP — Technical Data Package
SAMM Acronyms, as of 12 September 2026